Breast Cancer in Iraq: Epidemiological Trends, Risk Factors, Genetic Susceptibility, and Healthcare Challenges: A review

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Iraq, accounting for approximately 20.5% of all diagnosed cases in women and being a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. This research paper focuses on the epidemiology of breast cancer in Iraqi governorates, drawing on recent reports from the Iraqi Ministry of Health 2023 and research published in peer-reviewed journals in Iraqi communities. The findings indicate the prevalence of breast cancer among Iraqi women, attributed to several risk factors, including genetic predisposition, which accounts for approximately 5-10% of all cases. This predisposition arises from genetic variations in breast cancer-causing genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, molecular biomarkers, and socioeconomic and cultural factors. The study also addresses common diagnostic methods and the importance of early detection screening in improving survival rates. Furthermore, it explores the use of machine learning techniques, which can create a large database of affected women and facilitate the development of appropriate treatment plans. The study also highlighted treatment and prevention methods. Early diagnosis of breast cancer facilitates more treatment options compared to advanced stages. Integration of complementary and alternative medicine practices into conventional treatment can alleviate side effects. Adherence to treatment is crucial for maximizing its effectiveness and improving survival rates. Furthermore, strategies for incorporating psychosocial support as a routine practice in the care of women with breast cancer are also important.