Freeman Chain Code Contour Processing For Handwritten Isolated Arabic Characters Recognition: سلسلة فريمان لمعالجة الأحرف العربية المعزولة المكتوبة يدويا وتمييزها. AL-Yarmouk Journal. 2013;(1):90-105. Accessed February 8, 2026. https://journal.al-yarmok.edu.iq/index.php/alyarmoukjournal/article/view/783